Blockade of CXCR4 function with a neutralizing antibody (12G5) partially inhibited migration and invasion toward CXCL12, but to a lesser extent than the inhibition seen following HCMV infection, suggesting that both CXCR4 and CXCR7 may mediate migration and invasion in response to CXCL12. This evidence concerns the gene ACKR3 and cytomegalovirus infection.