For those who were HIV co-infected, there was no association between hazard of death or failure and either CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–1.68) or ART initiation prior to the start of MDR-TB treatment (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.31–1.35). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.