CCN2 and infection: The anti-fibrogenic effect of T. cruzi has also been seen in human dermal fibroblasts, with repression of transcription factors that regulate expression of fibroblast genes involved in wound repair and tissue remodeling, including ctgf/ccn2 connective tissue growth factor gene, followed by down-regulation of ECM proteins such as fibronectin and collagen I, suggesting another route of parasite dissemination and infection (Unnikrishnan and Burleigh, 2004; Mott et al., 2011).