Two very recent studies examined the immunohistochemical expression of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM)[28] and SOX9[29] in HCC cases and their adjacent non- neoplastic liver tissues and they reported that immunoreactivity of these markers was significantly increased in substantial proportion of HCC cases compared with their adjacent non- neoplastic liver tissue. The gene discussed is L1CAM; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.