Since baicalin has been shown to increase [Ca2+]i in human leukemia HL-60 cells [23] and some of novel baicalein derivatives synthesized by our lab [26] have been found to enhance AMPK phosphorylation and induce apoptosis in LKB1-deficient HeLa cells, we asked whether baicalin-stimulated AMPK signaling could be regulated by the upstream kinase CaMKKβ. This evidence concerns the gene CAMKK2 and leukemia.