A 50% reduction of Carabin expression was confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in B cells from 4 month-old as well as in 2 month-old (NZB × NZW)F1 mice (43% reduction), a long time before the appearance of autoantibodies, B-cell hyperactivation and disease in this SLE model (Fig 1A). The gene discussed is TBC1D10C; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.