The purpose of this study was to determine the reaction mechanism of corticosteroid by analyzing the expression patterns of neuropeptides (substance P (SP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)) and of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1α, tumor growth factor (TGF)-β) after corticosteroid treatment in lateral epicondylitis. Here, TGFB1 is linked to lateral epicondylitis.