Both activities are regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMK)-, p21 protein activated kinase 1 (PAK1)- and protein kinase A (PRKA)-mediated phosphorylation, which inactivate stathmin 1, and thereby prevent its binding to tubulin and interfere with the sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-microtubule drugs [64]. The gene discussed is PAK1; the disease is cancer.