Both the expression of StAR at mRNA and protein levels and its activity were shown to be increased by nifedipine and efonidipine in MA-10 mouse Leydig cells and NCI-H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells, but decreased by amlodipine, azelnidipine, or R(-)-efonidipine [21, 22]. The gene discussed is STAR; the disease is adrenal cortex carcinoma.