MAP4K4 and Insulin resistance: In accordance with MAP4K4’s postulated molecular role in inflammation-induced insulin resistance [15], [16], [25], three SNPs (rs11674694, rs13003883, rs2236936) were nominally and specifically associated with altered plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 (adjusted effect sizes 12–20% per allele) and two of the SNPs that increased 2-hour plasma glucose (rs6543087, rs11674694) were also nominally associated with a decrease in insulin sensitivity (adjusted effect sizes ∼4% per allele), as assessed by a well-established dynamic OGTT-derived parameter.