Consistent with our histology findings, NAC supplementation significantly reduced the severity of the hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative DNA damage (199.2±37.2 vs. 129.7±24.3 RFI in diabetic and NAC group, respectively; #P<0.05; Fig. 6 A and C), and expression of VEGF (101.8±12.8 vs. 78.1±9.9 RFI in diabetic and NAC group, respectively; #P<0.05; Fig. 6 A and C) and p-STAT3 protein (74.3±9.7 vs. 55.8±8.7 RFI in diabetic and NAC group, respectively; #P<0.05; Fig. 6 B and C). Here, VEGFA is linked to Hyperglycemia.