With regard to the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America, which is caused mainly by Sin nombre virus (SNV) and Andes virus, a correlation was observed between the presence of HLA-B*3501 and increased severity of disease symptoms after SNV infection [18], whereas the HLA-DRB1*15 was significantly more common in patients with mild disease, and HLA-B*08 was more common in patients with severe HPS after Andes virus infection in Chile [19]. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-B and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.