Overexpression of HER2 or FGFR1, or loss of INPP4B, molecular lesions which activate the PI3K pathway, also confer antiestrogen resistance in patients with ER+ breast cancer (Arpino et al., 2004; De Laurentiis et al., 2005; Ellis et al., 2006; Gewinner et al., 2009; Turner et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and breast carcinoma.