Whereas IL-6 causes IR in adipocytes (Rotter et al., 2003) and anti-IL-6 therapy over a 6 month period diminished HbA1c in diabetic RA patients (Ogata et al., 2011), the IL-6 derived from skeletal muscle during exercise appears beneficial (Pedersen et al., 2003). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.