Baseline eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 was associated with lower mean age, shorter duration of diabetes medication, lower levels of triglyceride, higher levels of HDL-C, HbA1c and FPG, and higher prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking statuses, and lower prevalence of exercise, taking oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia hyperosmolar non-ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycemia, stroke, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral neuropathy, intermittent claudication, and neuropathy (Table 1). Here, INS is linked to hyperlipidemia.