Since van den Berghe and colleagues demonstrated in the second Leuven study that severe hypoglycemia (blood glucose (BG) < 40 mg/dl) is associated with mortality [1], subsequent multicentre studies (Efficacy of Volume Substitution and Insulin Therapy in Severe Sepsis (VISEP) and GLUCONTROL trials) have identified a high rate of severe hypoglycemic events among intensive insulin treatment (IIT) groups (target, 80 to 110 mg/dl) [2,3]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Sepsis.