For example, overexpression of NF KappaB in the endometrium of infertile patients with hydrosalpinx may lead to the recruitment of excessive numbers of inflammatory cells and stimulate the production of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, thus leading to excessive inflammatory and immune responses in the endometrium during the peri-implantation window, which may inhibit or reduce embryo implantation. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Infertility.