[7] Furthermore, high insulin levels in childhood track into adulthood, [8], [9] when they are associated with type 2 diabetes,[10]–[12] cardiovascular disease[13]–[16] and premature mortality. [16], [17] There is, therefore, substantial interest in large-scale epidemiology studies of the genetic and environmental determinants of insulin levels in childhood[18]–[27] to inform strategies for the prevention of insulin resistance and its sequelae. [28]. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.