TNF and neoplasm: Disruption of stromal TNF-α signaling significantly impaired the growth of tumors in KO mice as compared to that in WT mice (relative volume (V/V0) [mean ± SEM]; KO: 9.0±0.9; WT: 21±2.5; p = 0.0033; Fig. 1A), thus supporting a role for stromal TNF-α signaling in tumor growth.