TP53 and cancer: Determinants of chemoresistance include p53 mutation, as well as the activation of cell survival intermediates and cascades such as FLIP, XIAP, and the PI3K/Ak pathway.5,10,94 Intervention targeting these mediators and their influences may therefore result in a cellular shift toward proapoptotic outcomes, emphasizing the possibility for FFCs exhibiting PI3K inhibitory ability to be employed in novel cancer treatment strategies.