In ASMC from people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), TNF-α induced CXCL10 via NF-κB activation, whereas IFNγ only induced a weak activation of NF-κB [31] and activated STAT-1 as well, but not AP-1 [13]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.