TNF and Hepatic steatosis: VSL#3 intervention failed to modulate the liver steatosis score in ApoE−/− mice, but completely reverted the progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis in ApoE−/− mice exposed to DSS (Figure 4 A–E; p<0.05; n = 8–12), and reduced the liver content of TNFα, RANTES, ICAM-1, and MIP-1α (Figure 4 F–I; p<0.05; n = 5).