KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: Although numerous markers including α-methyacylCoA-racemase (AMCAR), fatty acid synthetase (FASN), ERG, and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), have been identified based on preclinical studies and shown to be associated with the outcome of prostate cancer after surgical treatment using human tissue samples, very few of these have predictive value independent of traditional prognostic factors such as Gleason score, pathological stage, and pretreatment PSA levels [5]–[6].