Interestingly, methyl 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)dien-28-oate (CDDO-methyl ester), an analogue of dh404, has been recently shown to activate hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in high fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mice [28]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.