In contrast, correlation analyses showed a pattern where levels of pro-inflammatory markers IL-1β and CXCL8 in the CSF were associated with changes in 1H-MRS metabolite concentrations indicative of gliosis and membrane turnover in NAWM, the meaning of which is uncertain but may speculatively indicate involvement of subclinical persistent inflammation in MS diffuse white matter pathology. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and myeloid sarcoma.