Elevation of heparanase, albeit lower in magnitude, was quantified also in the plasma of CKD and transplanted patients (71.7±22, 136.9±24, and 193.9±73 pg/ml in average for control, CKD and transplanted patients, respectively; Fig. 1C, Table 1) (p<0.05 for control vs. CKD and p<0.01 for control vs. transplanted patients; Fig. 1C). The gene discussed is HPSE; the disease is chronic kidney disease.