Even though we did not observe a PPARγ altered expression in 30 matched pairs of tumour and adjacent normal tissue samples collected from patients undergoing pancreatic resection [45], a recent study supports a role of PPARγ as an ideal partner of the standard therapy based on gemcitabine since the anticancer effect of gemcitabine can be enhanced by ligands for PPARγ such as pioglitazone (Pio) and rosiglitazone [86]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and neoplasm.