It has been shown that the redox state of Trx in specific cell compartments is modulated by a variety of intra- and extracellular stresses, including oxidative stress, caloric restriction, and UV, in cell lines such as human colonic epithelial cells (HT29) [29], human monocytic leukemia cells (THP1) [8,30], human keratinocytes [31], and bovine aorta endothelial cells [32]. Here, TXN is linked to leukemia.