NFKB1 and neoplasm: These findings demonstrate the molecular cross-talk between APE1/Ref-1, NF-κB, and HIF-1α and indicate a critical role for APE1/Ref-1 in the mechanism of interaction between soy isoflavones and radiation that results in the inhibition of NF-κB, and HIF-1α transcription of genes essential for tumor cell survival, tumor growth, and angiogenesis (Figure 2).