PARP1 and cystic fibrosis: In view of the central role it plays in cellular stress responses (Luo and Kraus, 2005) and reports of exaggerated inflammation (Galli et al., 2012), elevated oxidative stress (Galli et al., 2012), and metabolic dysregulation in CF patients (Wetmore et al., 2010), we hypothesized that PARP-1 might influence CFTR biology.