Since severe inflammation of the intestinal mucosa plays a significant role in the development of chemotherapy-induced mucositis and is a major characteristic of the condition, we hypothesized in this study that dietary TGF-β2 supplementation would ameliorate methotrexate (MTX) induced intestinal mucosal damage when provided before MTX administration and would also stimulate intestinal recovery following MTX-induced mucositis in a rat and in a cell culture model. The gene discussed is TGFB2; the disease is mucositis.