Recently, the close relationship between cystatin C and all-cause cardiovascular mortality has been illustrated in subjects with normal eGFR [30], which further confirmed that cystatin C may not simply be regarded as an indicator of the association between renal dysfunction and an increased risk of CAD, the information contained by cystatin C represents more than just a marker of renal function. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and Abnormal renal physiology.