The most common pathological type of patients positive for HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc was MPGN (47/160, 29.4%, P < 0.05); MsPGN was observed in patients who were HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc positive and in those who were HBsAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc positive 37/160 (23.1%, P < 0.05); and 26/89 (29.2%, P < 0.05), respectively (Table 3, Figure 1). Here, HBE1 is linked to primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.