It has been shown that CXCR2, the chemokine receptor for CXCL1 (keratinocyte-derived chemokine, KC) and CXCL2/3 (macrophage inflammatory protein 2, MIP-2) in the mouse system, is involved in the regulation of vascular permeability and in neutrophil recruitment in different models of ALI [5-7]. Here, CXCL1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.