Finally, our group recently analyzed the mRNA expression pattern of the molecules regulating Toll-like receptor signaling pathway in a large cohort of CLL patients; different members of the NFKB, JNK/p38, NF/IL6 and IRF pathways are intermediately-to-highly expressed, while inhibitors of TLR activity are generally low-to-undetectable, indicating that the TLR signaling framework is competent in CLL cells.57 Here, NFASC is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.