FoxP3 deficiency was also found in the multiple sclerosis although Treg cells frequency was comparable with healthy individuals.22,23 Similar results emerged in type 1 autoimmune diabetes, psoriasis, myasthenia gravis and autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS).24–26 The degree of deficiency of functional anomaly of FoxP3+ natural Tregs is able to alter the manifestation of autoimmunity. The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is autoimmune type 1 diabetes.