Furthermore, we showed that the predominantly anti-inflammatory cytokine response in clinical vivax malaria was short-lived, with IL-10 concentrations and IL-10/TNF-α, IL-10/IFN-γ and IL-10/IL-6 ratios all returning to within the normal range found in non-infected controls after chemotherapy. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is Plasmodium vivax malaria.