Results of these studies have demonstrated that both treatments have a potent and rapid anti-inflammatory effect with a significant reduction in reactive oxygen species generation and the mRNA expression of several inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, JNK-1, TLR-2, TLR-4, IL-1β, and SOCS-3) in mononuclear cells, which might potentially contribute to the inhibition of atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and atherosclerosis.