The top 25 upregulated genes (Table 2) showed evidence of matrix protein replacement with increased collagen synthesis (Col1a1 and Col3a1) and cellular infiltration (Cxcl1, Lyzs, Ccl5, Lyz2, Lyz, C3 VCAM1 and Ear2), consistent with the histological presence of chronic kidney disease in the mice. This evidence concerns the gene COL3A1 and chronic kidney disease.