ICAM1 and infection: We reported the inhibitory effects of several agents on RV14 infection, including a long-acting anticholinergic agent, tiotropium [40], a mucolytic agent, L-carbocisteine [38], a proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole [45], and a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, hochu-ekki-to [46], by reducing ICAM-1 expression and increasing the pH in endosomes (Figure 3).