The higher dose of radiation (2 Gy) also induced CDKN1A overexpression by 2.3-fold, but not HDM2. Notably, many genes involved in general metabolism functions such as amino acid metabolism, molecular transport, such as SLC6A13 (up 2-fold) and SLC25A13 (down 2.2-fold), and cell morphology, in addition to cancer and cell death, were shown to be significantly deregulated in hESCs by 2 Gy of radiation. Here, CDKN1A is linked to cancer.