PPARG and asthma: The reported effects of PPARγ ligands on ASM functions in vitro, namely inhibition of proliferation and production of cytokines from human ASM cells as well as regulation of contractile protein expression and direct relaxation intracheal preparations, has provided an impetus for considering their effects in animal models of airways disease, using perinatal exposure to maternal nicotine or chronic ovalbumin (OVA) challenge to trigger asthma-like changes in the airways.