Recently, using the same GFAP-IκBα-dn mice employed in the present study, we demonstrated that NF-κB-regulated NAD(P)H oxidase in astrocytes is a crucial mediator of oxidative stress in a model of retinal ischemia and inhibition of its activity reduces damage by preventing RGC loss [25]. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is retinal ischemia.