Pretreatment with a α7AChR or ERK-selective inhibitor dramatically attenuated the nicotine-mediated promotion of VEGF/PEDF ratio (Fig. 6A), whereas pretreatment with a JNK inhibitor (SB203580) or P38 inhibitor (SP600125) slightly affect the nicotine-mediated VEGF/PEDF ratio in NPC cells (Fig. 6B). Here, SERPINF1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.