TGFB1 and neoplasm: Double immunofluorescent staining was used to confirm that TGFβ and SSEA-4 expression MSCs stimulated by combination of IFNγ and TNFα and in HCC tissue, and the result showed that red fluorescence existed around green fluorescence at the edge of tumor or tumor stromal indicating that MSCs in HCC inflammation microenvironment would up-regulate TGFβ expression (Fig. 4D, 4E).