Therefore, we investigated the association of all tagging SNPs in TLR2 and TLR4 with the level and decline of lung function and with the level and changes in inflammatory cells in induced sputum over time of subjects with established COPD (Groningen Leiden Universities and Corticosteroids in Obstructive Lung Disease; the GLUCOLD study). This evidence concerns the gene TLR2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.