The result revealed that canonical NF-κB signaling was spontaneously activated in peripheral B cells from active SLE patients compared with normal B cells, as shown by increased phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of P65 (Fig. 1A), but not IκBβ or IκBδ(data not shown). This evidence concerns the gene RELA and systemic lupus erythematosus.