Among known genetic conditions that are associated with ASD in higher percentage compared with general population are fragile X syndrome (FXS), tuberous sclerosis, fragile premutation, phenylketonuria, 15q11-13 duplication, 16p11.2 duplication, and mutations in NGLN3, 4, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and SHANK3, to name some of them. The gene discussed is SHANK3; the disease is fragile X syndrome.