During episodes of AKI patients had significantly increased mean values of KIM-1 (mean difference 5.84 ng/mg uCr; 95% CI 3.77, 7.92), NGAL (mean difference 2031.7 ng/mg uCr; 95% CI 1351.4, 2711.9), and NAG (mean difference 0.53 IU/mg uCr; 95% CI 0.39, 0.68) compared to those without AKI. Here, HAVCR1 is linked to acute kidney injury.