CXCR1 and breast carcinoma: Additionally, because CXCR1 promotes IL-8-mediated tumor growth, CXCR1 blockade can selectively target and eliminate human breast cancer stem cells [13], androgen-independent prostate cancer [14], [15], and malignant melanoma [16], [17], highlighting IL-8/CXCR1 signaling as a possible therapeutic intervention point in targeting the tumor microenvironment [18].